Putting the manual shut-off valve or pneumatic isolation/lockout valve first makes it easier to maintain the FRL and it protects downstream equipment when depressurizing the system for maintenance. For safety, operators should be able to lock the valve in the off position. If it is necessary to have clean, dry air flowing through the valve, the valve can be mounted after the FRL.
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In the diagram, the filter (FIL01) is just downstream from the shut-off valve (VLV01) to remove particulates and moisture. The triangle at the bottom of the symbol indicates that this filter has a liquid drain, which can be manual, semi-automatic or automatic. Although the regulator (REG01) is downstream of the filter, the two could be a single unit, indicated by a dashed-line box around both filter and regulator. Although not shown in this diagram, it is good practice to note the machine&#;s working and maximum pressures. A tag with this information is often located close to the regulator.
A pressure gauge (GAU01) should always be included with a regulator, whether built-in or threaded into the regulator&#;s pressure port. Although not shown in this schematic, a pressure switch can be installed just downstream of the regulator to monitor pressure. This switch&#;s output typically gets routed to a programmable logic controller or some other machine controller.
A regulator can offer relief, reducing output air when either the regulator is adjusted to a lower pressure or to remove downstream pressure when upstream air is exhausted. Triangles at the upper left corners of the regulator symbols (REG01 and REG02) show they are the relieving type. The exit air regulator (REG01) provides clean, dry and filtered air that can be split through a T fitting or pneumatic distribution block.
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One line then provides lubricated air and the other provides non-lubricated air. The non-lubricated line feeds a second regulator that supplies the electrically operated soft-start/dump valve (VLV02). This valve typically acts as a safety device by relieving pressure from motion-causing pneumatic devices, such as cylinders and actuators, when an emergency stop is pressed.
For applications such as pneumatic tools and motors which need to be lubricated, that lubrication should consist of light oiling to prevent clogging these devices.
Installing circuits such as this can be simplified by using a device that contains all the air-preparation components and controls (below). It also includes a clogged filter indicator, adjustable pressure switch with indicator LEDs and port sizes that adjust to match the need flow rate needed.
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